回到顶部

Definitive Guide to Adobe Lightroom’s Develop Module – Colour Temperature and Presence

订阅以下以立即下载文章

You can also select your interests for free access to our premium training:

Your privacy is safe. I will never share your information.

在我们上一篇关于Adobe Lightoom的开发模块的文章中,您了解了六个tone controls on the basic panel。本文将讨论色温和“存在”控件。

渲染真颜色

数码相机以单独的红色,绿色和蓝色图像在设计用于模拟视网膜中的彩色受体细胞的光谱响应方面进行您的照片。我们的眼睛比这更复杂,并自动完成所有这些。然而,数码相机需要有点帮助。
A typical DSLR camera only sees light reflected from the scene. It makes assumptions about the brightness and colour of the illumination in order to work out the exposure.
确认正确曝光的唯一方法是使用光线。这基于落入场景的光而不是从其反射的光计算适当的快门速度和孔径。
A photography light meter
没有外部光线表,相机将假设它应该暴露50%灰色(没有人认为18%)。它还将对照射场景的光的性质进行假设,并相应地调整颜色平衡。以下是我相机的百分比百分比百分比,并将快门速度计算为获得中灰色曝光。
a photography color checker

色温和白平衡

Different light sources vary not just in brightness but in the distribution of the colours they emit too. Just as you sometimes need to compensate an incorrect exposure value, you also need to compensate for different colour tints in the light so that a white object really does appear white. This adjustment is called ‘setting the white balance’.
术语“色温”源于加热“黑体”(一个反射光的黑色)的效果,直到它开始发光。随着温度的增加,光的颜色将从沉闷的红色通过橙色变为蓝白色。这是以keelvin表示的。

可在DSLR范围内提供典型的自动白平衡设置
可在DSLR范围内提供典型的自动白平衡设置from yellowish incandescent light bulb to relatively blue shadows on a sunny day. Outside this range, custom settings are provided. Each light source has a specific colour temperature expressed in degrees Kelvin.

What are degrees Kelvin?

The Kelvin temperature scale provides a scientifically standard scale that isn’tbased on some arbitrary point such as the freezing point of water but rather on the coldest possible temperature.
材料中的原子振动,随着温度的增加,随着温度降低而越来越少。当所有振动停止时,材料无法得到任何更冷的并且已经实现了“绝对零”。Kelvin主勋爵计算绝对零至-273.15摄氏度,因此标度从他身上获得了名字。
克尔文标尺中的温度增量与摄氏增量相同,因此10℃的温度变化与10摄氏度的温度变化相同。
如果你拍JPEG., your camera must be set to the colour temperature of the incident light to give the correct colour balance. Auto White Balance (AWB) usually works but if it fails, you can select a preset value or even dial-in the temperature in ºK.
如果你shoot raw, it doesn’t matter what in-camera white balance you set. You will set this through the Temperature slider in the develop module when post-processing. It is, however, recorded in the raw file so you can select it later to give you a starting point for your adjustments.

example of how different color  temperatures affect the same image
选择错误的颜色温度可能对jpeg图像的颜色产生剧烈影响。您可以使用Lightroom中的白平衡选择器纠正此功能。

Setting the White Balance in the Develop Module

使用白平衡选择器

修复白平衡问题的最直观方法是点击温度和色调滑块旁边的眼部滴管图标到UN-DOCKIT。然后,在需要纠正的图像中对已知的灰色进行样本。
在我的例子中,黄色白炽灯照亮了音乐家。对于相机的自动白平衡工作,它们太远了。
要解决此问题,只需单击白平衡选择器(或点击W键盘快捷键)并将其移到您所知应该是中性灰色的区域。
在Lightroom开发模块中设置白平衡的屏幕截图
单击所选点,Lightroom将调整图像中的所有颜色以强制点的红色,绿色和蓝色值,以创建中性灰色。如果您勾选“自动解雇”框,白平衡选择器将重新停机。否则它将保持活跃,以便尝试单击不同的采样点,直到找到适用的一个工作(您需要手动停靠)。
Here’s the photo after I adjusted white balance and tones:
在Lightroom开发模块中设置白平衡的屏幕截图
注意温度控制已朝向蓝色(更热的色温),但指示的温度降低。这是因为控制正在努力补偿温度中的错误而不是设置它。
调整黄色和蓝色之间的温度滑块可以为大多数光源进行Compsante。并非所有来源都像黑色身体散热器一样。色调滑块允许您在品红色范围内调整。您通常不需要非常调整此控件。
它是在那里的光源在该范围内具有强光谱分量的情况 - 例如,荧光条灯。

当你找不到中性点

Here’s an example where there’s no obvious neutral point to sample:
关闭色的织品
如果找不到已知的中性点,白平衡选择器并不多大帮助。在这种情况下,如果您能在您拍摄照片的条件下记住,它很有用。如果您拍摄原始,在后处理中仍然可以使用所有白平衡预设。
在Lightroom开发模块中设置白平衡的屏幕截图
如果你know this photo was taken in full sunlight, select Daylight and if it was cloudy, select Cloudy, etc. The colours will then be adjusted accordingly.

存在控件

Clarity

该控件在照片中查找细节和边缘,要么强调它们或将它们平滑在很小的距离上。在下面的测试图像中,清晰度滑块最大为+100。

A screenshot of setting presence controls in the Lightroom Develop Module
At maximum clarity, the edge looks sharper.

在灰色相遇的固体区域,清晰度调整使较浅的阴影变暗,减轻了较暗的阴影。它只沿着它们相遇的狭窄条带(通常约为十个像素)。这会产生一个阴影和另一个阴影之间更清晰的过渡的错觉。
增加清晰度值有助于带出质地并给出“坚韧不拔”的感觉。但它也可以增加噪音并在边缘围绕边缘产生晕圈。

一个内部的浸水照片与左边的内部:设定对比度的影响到最大值。右:没有增加对比度,但最大清晰度增强了细节和纹理,但也可以提高噪声的可见度
左:设定对比度与最大的影响。右:没有增加对比度,但最大清晰度增强了细节和纹理,但也可以提高噪声的可见度。

Most DSLRs have a filter over their sensor meant to blur the image over a small area. This avoids the ‘Moire effect“拍摄精细细节时。
拍摄RAW时,通常值得将少量的清晰度(例如+20)应用于整个图像以补偿这种轻微软化。
请记住至少1:1缩小到图像,以正确查看您的调整效果。如果您在阴影区域中注意到任何奇数光环或过多的细节损失,请稍微向清晰度缩小。
在-100的相反极端,音调之间的过渡减小。这可以产生柔软,梦幻的感觉。如果您过度使用,它可能会导致具有细节丢失的平面图像。

The centre is zero saturation and the rim is 100% saturation.
The centre is zero saturation and the rim is 100% saturation.

您有时可以选择性地对皮肤进行降低的清晰度。如果谨慎完成,它可以非常有效。使用空间频率掩模等技术,更好地进行Photoshop中的皮肤修饰。

饱和和振动

You can think of any colour as having two main components:Hue(where on the spectrum the colour is located) andsaturation(如何“纯粹”颜色是)。
在下面的图示中,色调以围绕颜色轮的程度表示,饱和沿半径示出。
Fully saturated colours appear around the rim and become less saturated as they approach the centre.
显示提高饱和度和振动的图

饱和

饱和滑块将百分比变化施加到每种颜色的饱和度,并具有100%的加号或减号。当设置为最大+100时,每个颜色的饱和度都是双打。
In terms of the colour wheel, every colour moves toward the rim. Any colour originally at 50% saturation or more is clipped to the rim of the wheel. Your picture can lose subtle variations in colours and caucasian skin turns orange.
When set to -100%, it removes all colour and your image will become黑和白。Since you have no control over how the colours map to the grey shades, it’s not a good way to produce a black-and-white image.
以下是极端饱和度的影响:
a triptych of the same portrait image with different Saturation and Vibrance settings - lightroom develop module

Vibrance

Adobe提出了“振动”一词来描述一种调整图像饱和度的更智能化方式。而不是仅将所有饱和度值乘以与饱和滑块一样的相同量,而是更具选择性。
In order to stop the saturation values from clipping, it applies a smaller adjustment to colours that are already close to the edge or centre of the colour wheel.
效果是更均匀的饱和度调整。它可以使照片更加活跃,同时保护肤色免于不自然。
这是相同的照片,但这次使用振动滑块进行调整。

a triptych of the same portrait image with different Saturation and Vibrance settings - lightroom develop module
Vibrance adjusts mid-saturation values more than very low or high saturation values to give a better balanced adjustment. Left: -100, Centre: 0, Right: +100.

How you use these controls will of course depend on the photo. It’s often helpful to use the vibrance slider first to even out any extremes of saturation and then to make a small global adjustment to the saturation.
请记住,基本面板中的滑块一次会影响整个图像。通常,最好在编辑工作流程开始时进行相当保守的调整。您可以稍后使用画笔,渐变或径向选择工具瞄准图像的特定区域。

显示评论(0)
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]
[type='text']
[type='text']
[type='password']
[type='password']
[activeKey]
[activeKey]
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
['rmockx.realplayer g2 control','rmocx.realplayer g2 control.1','RealPlayer.realPlayer(TM)ActiveX控件(32位)','RealVideo.realVideo(TM)ActiveX控制(32位)','RealPlayer']
[指数]
[指数]
[一世]
[一世]